Unit 1: Chemistry Unit (February)

• Outline of Topics We Covered:
  • Reviewed Grade 9 Chemistry Topics
    • matter, elements, compounds, mixtures, solutions, physical & chemical properties, physical & chemical changes, 5 ways of telling that a chemical change has taken place
  • The Periodic Table of Elements
    • Mendeleev, Periodic Law, groups/families, periods, valence electrons, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases, metals & nonmetals, atoms, protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, atomic mass, octet, ion, cation, anion
    • The analogy of an atom video we watched in class:http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_popout&v=hhbqIJZ8wCM
  • Naming and Creating Formulas
    • Ionic and Molecular Compounds
      • Ionic - metal + nonmetal - name using regular name of metal, then nonmetal ends in "-ide" (ex: sodium chloride)
      • Molecular - nonmetal + nonmetal - use the subscripts to name the compound (ex: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide)
    • Special cases: Multivalent Metals and Polyatomic Ions
      • Multivalent metals - metals that have more than 1 type of ion; use Roman numerals to name (ex: copper (II) oxide)
      • Polyatomic ions - a group of elements that tend to bond together and carry an overall charge (ex: sodium phosphate)
  • Types of Chemical Reactions
    • Synthesis (element + element --> compound) *aka combination
    • Decomposition (compound --> element + element)
    • Single Displacement (element + compound --> element + compound)
    • Double Displacement (compound + compound --> compound + compound)
  • Balancing Chemical Reactions
    • Use coefficients to ensure that all matter is conserved during the reaction (Law of Conservation of Mass)